Measuring and Managing Blood Pressure in Anabolic Steroid Users: Part 1

Measuring and Managing Blood Pressure in Anabolic Steroid Users: Part 1

Introduction

Anabolic steroid usage is a common practice among individuals engaged in bodybuilding and fitness pursuits. While these substances can lead to muscle growth and improved performance, they are not without their risks. One significant concern is the impact of anabolic steroids on blood pressure. In this two-part series, we will discuss the importance of monitoring blood pressure in anabolic steroid users, when to consider treatment, and strategies for managing high blood pressure.

Understanding Blood Pressure

Before delving into the specifics of blood pressure management, let's briefly understand what blood pressure is and why it matters. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries as the heart pumps it around the body. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and typically expressed as two values:

• Systolic Blood Pressure (the higher number): This represents the pressure when the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries.
• Diastolic Blood Pressure (the lower number): This indicates the pressure when the heart is at rest between beats.

A normal blood pressure reading for adults is typically around 120/80 mmHg. However, anabolic steroids have the potential to disrupt this delicate balance.

Impact of Anabolic Steroids on Blood Pressure

Anabolic steroids, which mimic the effects of testosterone, can lead to various physiological changes in the body. One such change is an increase in blood pressure. Research suggests that anabolic steroid use can elevate systolic blood pressure by approximately 5 to 10 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by about half that amount.

It's important to note that the duration and intensity of anabolic steroid usage can significantly influence the extent of blood pressure elevation. Short-term use may not pose significant health risks, but many individuals engage in long-term or repeated cycles of anabolic steroids, which can lead to sustained high blood pressure.

Blood Pressure Monitoring

Given the potential impact of anabolic steroids on blood pressure, regular monitoring is essential. Here are the key steps to effectively monitor your blood pressure:

1. Obtain a Reliable Blood Pressure Monitor:
   • Invest in an automated electronic blood pressure monitor designed for upper arm measurements.
   • Ensure the device comes with an appropriately sized cuff for your arm circumference.
2. Proper Measurement Technique:
   • Follow the guidelines from the International Society of Hypertension:
   • Refrain from urinating, smoking, consuming caffeine, or engaging in strenuous exercise for at least 30 minutes before measuring.
   • Find a quiet, comfortable space to sit.
   • Use a chair with proper back support and a desk for arm placement.
   • Position the cuff on your upper arm and rest your arm at heart level.
   • Keep your feet flat on the floor without crossing your legs.
   • Relax for a few minutes before taking measurements.
   • Measure your blood pressure twice with a short break in between, and record the average of the two readings.
3. Monitoring Frequency:
   • Initially, monitor your blood pressure for at least 3 to 7 days, both in the morning and evening, before considering treatment.
   • After the initial period, regular weekly measurements are typically sufficient.

When to Consider Treatment

While monitoring your blood pressure, it's crucial to understand when treatment may be necessary. Current medical guidelines indicate that the decision to initiate treatment should consider the baseline systolic blood pressure.

Research suggests that lowering blood pressure significantly reduces mortality and cardiovascular disease risk when baseline systolic blood pressure is 140 mmHg or higher. If the baseline systolic blood pressure is lower than 140 mmHg, the benefits of treatment in terms of reducing mortality or cardiovascular disease risk may be less evident.

In medical terms, hypertension is typically defined as an office systolic blood pressure equal to or higher than 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure equal to or higher than 90 mmHg. However, it's important to note that home blood pressure measurements may differ slightly from office measurements. Therefore, for home monitoring, a mean value of 135/85 mmHg is often considered the threshold for hypertension.

Benefits of Blood Pressure Management

Managing high blood pressure can yield substantial clinical benefits. Research indicates that for every 10 mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure, there is a:

• 20% reduction in the risk of major cardiovascular events.
• 17% reduction in coronary heart disease risk.
• 27% reduction in stroke risk.
• 28% reduction in heart failure risk.
• 13% reduction in all-cause mortality.

While treating high blood pressure can mitigate risks, it may not completely eliminate all potential health concerns associated with anabolic steroid use. Long-term hypertension can cause irreversible damage to certain organs, and treatment may not reverse this damage. Additionally, individuals using anabolic steroids often have multiple comorbidities that can influence outcomes, such as obesity. Therefore, addressing high blood pressure is just one aspect of overall health management.

In Part 2 of this series, we will delve deeper into lifestyle changes and medication options for treating high blood pressure among anabolic steroid users. It's essential to prioritize your health and make informed decisions regarding the use of anabolic steroids, in conjunction with healthcare professionals' guidance. Stay tuned for more insights in the next part of this article.